PAO
PAO is a by-product from chemical refining of palm oil. It consist of FFA over 50% and neutral oils with 2-3% moisture and other impurities. It can be used for making laundry soap and for producing calcium soaps. PAO are also use in animal feeds and distilled fatty acid production. PAO is increasingly used for mixing in biofuel transportation fuel with mandates on using 2nd generation biofuels in the EU.
PFAD
PFAD is made from refining crude palm oil, It is used for many industries such as soap industries and also used as raw materials for biodiesel and chemical industries. PFAD is potentially a valuable, low cost raw material for biodiesel production. It is also used as power plants and industrial boilers fuel.
CFAD
CFAD is recovered when a distillate deacidification takes place during the physical refining of crude coconut oil. Contains most of the free fatty acids isolated from crude coconut oil during the refining process. This product is a good raw material for fatty acid producers. Crude fatty acid oil is good for fat source in animal feeds.
Crude Glycerine is a by-product resulting from the manufacture of different esters. Depending on the original raw material used, Crude Glycerine can be of vegetable or animal origin and has a minimum 80 % glycerine content. There are various outlets for disposal and utilization of the crude glycerol generated in biodiesel plants. For large scale biodiesel producers, crude glycerol can be refined into a pure form and then be used in food, pharmaceutical, or cosmetics industries.
UCO
Used cooking oil is commonly called UCO or WCO (waste cooking oil), this is purified oils and fats of plant and animal origin. These have been used by restaurants, catering facilities and kitchens to cook food for human consumption. They are wastes as they are no longer fit for that purpose and are subsequently used as either feedstock for the production of biodiesel as fuel for automotive vehicles and heating or as a direct fuel. The use of UCO for biodiesel offers a genuinely sustainable outlet for a problematic waste product and one with the potential to offer significant GHG savings
Palm Kernel Shell (or PKS)
Palm Kernel Shells fractions left after the nut has been removed after crushing in the Palm Oil mill. Kernel shells are a fibrous material and can be easily handled in bulk directly from the products line to the end use. Large and small shell fraction are mixed with dust-like fractions and small fibers. Compared to other residues from the industry, it is a good quality biomass fuel with uniform size distribution, easy handling, easy crushing, and limited biological activity due to low moisture content.
Woods Chips
Wood Chips are small pieces of wood that can be made from a broad variety of raw material such as wood residues (i.e. logging residues, wood from forest thinning operations, stumps and roots, wood waste) Wood chip boilers can now fill the same role as traditional fossil fuel boilers, and provide competitively priced heat for central heating or hot water needs. Wood chip allows for the automated handling and feeding of the fuel to the boiler, minimizing the need for manual intervention. In that sense, a wood chip boiler is similar to a gas or oil fired boiler and does not require a fossil-fueled boiler in sup
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PKFAD
PKFAD is recovered when a distillate de-acidification takes place during the physical refining of crude palm kernel oil. Palm Kernel Fatty Acid Distillate is widely used in various industries. Such as in the manufacturing of soaps, detergents, personal health care, shampoos, cosmetics, toiletries and pharmaceutical products. It is also used in Oleo chemical Industries. As well as in animal feed manufacturing.
High FFA Crude Palm Oil
Crude Palm Oil
Palm Kernel Expeller
